Israel is referred to in Singular - Key Passages

There are several passages where Tanakh uses "singular nouns" for Israel, Jacob, a tribe of Israel as individual and sometimes even to a gentile.

This is a style of Hebrew writing and should not mistake as grammatical errors or attribute the passage to one person like Jesus.

This is a partial list that have this style of addressing Israel in singular.

Exodus 4:22 And you shall say to Pharaoh, 'So said the Lord, "My firstborn son is Israel." ' 23 So I say to you, 'Send out My son so that he will worship Me, but if you refuse to send him out, behold, I am going to slay your firstborn son.' "

Isaiah 27:9 By this, then, will Jacob’s guilt be atoned for, and this will be the full fruit of the removal of his sin: When he makes all the altar stones to be like limestone crushed to pieces, no Asherah poles or incense altars will be left standing.

Isaiah 41:14 Do not be afraid, you worm Jacob, little Israel, do not fear, for I myself will help you,” declares the Lord, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel.

Isaiah 49:3 He said to me, “You are my servant, Israel, in whom I will display my splendor.”

Isaiah 49:7 This is what the Lord says— the Redeemer and Holy One of Israel— to him who was despised and abhorred by the nation, to the servant of rulers: “Kings will see you and stand up, princes will see and bow down, because of the Lord, who is faithful, the Holy One of Israel, who has chosen you.”

Isaiah 50:1 This is what the Lord says: “Where is your mother’s certificate of divorce with which I sent her away? Or to which of my creditors did I sell you? Because of your sins you were sold; because of your transgressions your mother was sent away.

Jeremiah 2:14 Is Israel a servant, a slave by birth? Why then has he become plunder?

Jeremiah 2:3 Israel was holy to the Lord, the first fruits of his harvest; all who devoured her were held guilty, and disaster overtook them,’” declares the Lord.

Jeremiah 3:8 And I saw, because of all that backsliding Israel had committed adultery, I sent her away, and I gave her, her bill of divorcement, yet treacherous Judah, her sister, did not fear, and she too went and played the harlot.

Jeremiah 3:9 Because Israel’s immorality mattered so little to her, she defiled the land and committed adultery with stone and wood.

Jeremiah 3:20 But like a woman unfaithful to her husband, so you, Israel, have been unfaithful to me,” declares the Lord.

Jeremiah 10:25 Pour out Your wrath upon the nations that do not know You and upon the families that have not called in Your name, for they have devoured Jacob and consumed him and destroyed him, and have wasted his dwelling.

Jeremiah 18:13 Therefore this is what the Lord says: “Inquire among the nations: Who has ever heard anything like this? A most horrible thing has been done by Virgin Israel.

Jeremiah 23:6 In his days Judah will be saved and Israel will live in safety. This is the name by which he will be called: The Lord Our Righteous Savior.

Jeremiah 30:7 How awful that day will be! No other will be like it. It will be a time of trouble for Jacob, but he will be saved out of it.

Jeremiah 30:18 “This is what the Lord says: “‘I will restore the fortunes of Jacob’s tents and have compassion on his dwellings; the city will be rebuilt on her ruins, and the palace will stand in its proper place.

Jeremiah 46:27 “Do not be afraid, Jacob my servant; do not be dismayed, Israel. I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their exile. Jacob will again have peace and security, and no one will make him afraid.

Jeremiah 48:27 Was not Israel the object of your ridicule? Was she caught among thieves, that you shake your head in scorn whenever you speak of her?

Ezekiel 19:9 With hooks they pulled him into a cage and brought him to the king of Babylon. They put him in prison, so his roar was heard no longer on the mountains of Israel.

Ezekiel 13:16 those prophets of Israel who prophesied to Jerusalem and saw visions of peace for her when there was no peace, declares the Sovereign Lord.”’

Ezekiel 33:28 I will make the land a desolate waste, and her proud strength will come to an end, and the mountains of Israel will become desolate so that no one will cross them.

Ezekiel 37:16 “Son of man, take a stick of wood and write on it, ‘Belonging to Judah and the Israelites associated with him.’ Then take another stick of wood, and write on it, ‘Belonging to Joseph (that is, to Ephraim) and all the Israelites associated with him.’

Ezekiel 37:19 say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am going to take the stick of Joseph—which is in Ephraim’s hand—and of the Israelite tribes associated with him, and join it to Judah’s stick. I will make them into a single stick of wood, and they will become one in my hand.’

Amos 3:14 “On the day I punish Israel for her sins, I will destroy the altars of Bethel; the horns of the altar will be cut off and fall to the ground.

Amos 5:2 “Fallen is Virgin Israel, never to rise again, deserted in her own land, with no one to lift her up.”

Amos 7:5 Then I cried out, “Sovereign Lord, I beg you, stop! How can Jacob survive? He is so small!”

Hosea 7:10 Israel’s arrogance testifies against him, but despite all this he does not return to the Lord his God or search for him.

Hosea 8:3 Israel has rejected the good - the enemy will pursue him.

Hosea 9:1 Rejoice not, O Israel, on joyous occasions, like the peoples, for you have strayed from your God: you love a harlot's hire on all threshing floors of corn. 2 The threshing floor and the wine cellar shall not feed them, and fresh wine shall fail her.

Hosea 10:1 Israel was a spreading vine; he brought forth fruit for himself. As his fruit increased, he built more altars; as his land prospered, he adorned his

Hosea 10:11 Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; so I will put a yoke on her fair neck. I will drive Ephraim, Judah must plow, and Jacob must break up the ground.

Hosea 11:1 For, when Israel was young, I loved him, and from Egypt I called My son.

Hosea 12:2 The Lord has a charge to bring against Judah; he will punish Jacob according to his ways and repay him according to his deeds.

Hosea 12:13 The Lord used a prophet to bring Israel up from Egypt, by a prophet he cared for him.

Hosea 13:1 When Ephraim spoke, people trembled; he was exalted in Israel. But he became guilty of Baal worship and died.

Hosea 14:5 I will be like the dew to Israel; he will blossom like a lily. Like a cedar of Lebanon he will send down his roots;

Zephaniah 3:14 Sing, Daughter Zion; shout aloud, Israel! Be glad and rejoice with all your heart, Daughter Jerusalem!

Lamentations 1:17 Zion stretches out her hands, but there is no one to comfort her. The Lord has decreed for Jacob that his neighbors become his foes; Jerusalem has become an unclean thing among them.

Lamentations 2:1 How the Lord has covered Daughter Zion with the cloud of his anger! He has hurled down the splendor of Israel from heaven to earth; he has not remembered his footstool in the day of his anger.

Lamentations 2:5 The Lord is like an enemy; he has swallowed up Israel. He has swallowed up all her palaces and destroyed her strongholds. He has multiplied mourning and lamentation for Daughter Judah.

Lamentations 4:6 The punishment of my people is greater than that of Sodom, which was overthrown in a moment without a hand turned to help her.